CARRYING OUT RISK ASSESSMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION, INDUSTRIAL SAFETY AND ECOLOGY AT VARIOUS STAGES OF DESIGNING INVESTMENT PROJECTS

Abstract

The article defines the importance of a reasonable assessment of occupational safety, industrial safety and environmental risks, taking into account the constant growth of the number of investment projects in various sectors of the economy. Unreasonable choice of risk assessment method or insufficient consideration of potential industrial hazards at various stages of investment projects may lead to serious consequences in the future, which not only threaten the health and safety of employees, but also have the potential to have a large negative impact on the environment, may cause significant financial losses. The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations for the application of one or another type of risk assessment in relation to the design stages. The research conducted by the authors is based on the example of risk assessment at various stages of the life cycle of an investment project of a large engineering construction company. It is noted that the benefits of using risk assessments in the early stages of design include timely identification of problems, reduced rework costs during construction, improved safety and quality of the project, as well as ensuring compliance with global standards. Recommended risk assessment techniques include ENVID, HAZID, HAZOP and JSA, each used to analyze different aspects of risk. Based on practical experience, they propose a distribution of risk assessments depending on the stage of the project. As the most universal risk assessment method in this context, it is proposed to use HAZID. Therefore, the overall risk assessment as a structured process allows analyzing the likely consequences and their impact on the project before making decisions. This approach helps to reduce negative consequences and increase the success of projects.