INCREASING OF WEAR RESISTANCE OF SURFACED PRESS TOOLS BY IMPROVING OF FLUX-CORED WIRE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/3041-2080/2024-2-1Keywords:
press tool, wear, flame resistance, adhesion resistance, surfacing, self-shielded flux-cored wire, medium chromium steel, durability, press die, press washerAbstract
The article is devoted to increasing the wear resistance of welded press tools made of 3X3M3F and 38KhN3MFA steels for extruding non-ferrous alloys by improving the flux-cored wire for surfacing. The advantages and disadvantages of different classes of surfacing materials are considered and it is proposed to use the improved flux-cored wire of the PP-45X5V2GSMFA grade. In the case of surfacing with self-shielded flux-cored wire, the alloying part of this steel provides increased hardness at high pressing operating temperatures due to the complex strengthening of the martensitic matrix with tungsten, chromium and other carbides, as well as additional strengthening with vanadium nitride. This significantly increases tool life. In addition, chromium alloying at the level of 4,5–5% increased the adhesion to the metal being processed. The heat resistance or thermal fatigue strength of the deposited layer was increased by selecting and optimising the gas and slag components. The tube-shaped flux-cored wire sheath is made of 65G steel, which made it possible to exclude graphite as a carbon-forming component. This significantly improved the melting stability of the flux-cored wire and reduced the contamination of the deposited metal with non-metallic inclusions of an exogenous nature. Industrial tests of PP-45X5V2GSMFA flux-cored wire were carried out to restore and strengthen hot pressing dies made of 3X3M3F steel and press washers made of ESD steel of the same grade. The dies restored by surfacing, compared to new non-surfaced dies, showed 2,4–2,5 times higher resistance, and the drawdown of the working diameter after 5 pressing cycles was reduced by three times. The total cost of restoring the die by surfacing is 1,5–2 times lower than the cost of a new die made of 3X3M3F steel. The surfacing of press washers with the developed flux-cored wire made it possible to increase the wear resistance by at least two times.
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