INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SURFACE RUNOFF TREATMENT USING ECOTECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

Ecotechnologies of wastewater treatment are an actively developing area due to low operating costs and independence from energy sources. The last ones make them a key approach for treatment water coming from diffuse sources. This is especially true for biogenic elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, because their supply to natural water bodies leads to the increasing of anthropogenic eutrophication processes. One of the types of ecotechnologies that have been actively developing recently is ecological buffers. However, because these technologies are based on natural processes, their effectiveness significantly depends on external factors, especially climatic ones. First of all, this applies to temperature and precipitation. Based on the data obtained by the researchers, the paper analyzes the dependence of the efficiency of the main components of environmental buffers, such as grass, bush and wood, on temperature and precipitation. It is determined that in the conditions of Eastern Ukraine, the intensity of precipitation does not have a limiting effect on the efficiency of water treatment, and the key role belongs to temperature. It was found that temperature changes during the growing season can lead to a twofold decrease in efficiency. It is proposed to use a serial system of the same type of buffers. Recommendations are given for determining the width of the ecological buffer. It is shown that the design should strive to minimize the number of consecutive buffers, while ensuring sufficient width of each buffer within the effective range.