ENVIRONMENTAL RISK OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE ACCUMULATION AT THE ZHYTOMYR CITY LANDFILL IN THE PERIOD FROM 2018–2024 YEARS

Abstract

The study examines key aspects of the negative impact of the landfill on the environment and public health caused by its operation. It is established that leachate is formed as a result of waste decomposition and seeps into the soil, contaminating it with heavy metals, organic compounds and other toxic substances. This, in turn, leads to the contamination of underground aquifers, which are a source of drinking water for the surrounding areas. It has been proven that the decomposition of organic waste is accompanied by the release of biogas (methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide), which is a greenhouse gas and contributes to climate change. In addition, spontaneous combustion often occurs at the landfill, which leads to emissions of harmful combustion products, including dioxins and furans, which are extremely toxic. It is analyzed that the accumulation of waste, landscape changes, and pollution of adjacent territories negatively affect natural ecosystems, leading to a reduction in plant and animal populations and changes in their species composition. It has been proven that residents of settlements located near the landfill have an increased risk of developing respiratory diseases, allergic reactions, cancer, and other health problems caused by inhaling polluted air and drinking contaminated water. The main sources and factors of environmental hazards caused by the landfill, including leachate formation, biogas emissions, and soil contamination with heavy metals, were identified. According to the results of the study.