ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THERMAL PRELOADING ON THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF BEAM ELEMENTS OF TRANSPORT STRUCTURES AT THE MANUFACTURING STAGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/3041-2080/2025-5-27Keywords:
transport, rolling stock, manufacturing technologies, life cycle, automation, computer modelling, thermal reverse bendingAbstract
The article presents the results of a mathematical model for calculating the reverse bending of a spine beam from thermal loading during the manufacture of a railway carriage and an assessment of the impact of thermal preloading on the mechanical performance of beam elements of transport structures at the manufacturing stage.Modern transport structures are constantly subjected to various operational loads, among which temperature fluctuations play a significant role. These fluctuations can lead to thermal stresses in materials, especially in beam elements, which are the main load-bearing components. Preliminary thermal loading, i.e. cyclic temperature effects that occur before the main operational load is applied, can significantly change the mechanical characteristics of materials and, as a result, affect the overall performance and durability of the structure.Reverse bending due to thermal loading is a fundamental phenomenon caused by the generation of residual thermomechanical stresses as a result of uneven heating/cooling and subsequent plastic deformation. It must be taken into account in technological processes involving high temperatures during manufacturing.As a result of the mathematical model obtained to determine the preliminary bending of the semi-wagon’s spine beam, the following conclusions can be drawn.1. The reduction in the initial deflection during the beam manufacturing stage due to some loss of prestressing is between 14 and 23 %, depending on the location of the thermal load P.2. The reverse deflection of a beam pre-stressed by bending reduces the amount of deflection due to welding deformations in relation to the deflection of a conventional beam by 23 to 31 %.
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